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ENCAPSULATED SOMATIC EMBRYOS
AND ZYGOTIC EMBRYOS FOR OBTAINING ARTIFICIAL SEEDS OF RAULI-BEECH
(Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst.)
Priscila Cartes R.1*,
Hermes Castellanos B.2, Darcy Ríos L.1, Katia
Sáez C.3, Scarlette Spierccolli H.1, y Manuel
Sánchez O.1
ABSTRACT
Somatic
and zygotic embryos from mature seeds of rauli-beech, Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst., were encapsulated in
different artificial endosperms in order to generate a cover that
fulfills the function of nourishment and protection of the embryos,
facilitating their later germination. The content of sodium alginate
varied by 4%, 3%, and 2%, as did the immersion time in calcium chloride
(CaCl2), which acts as complexing agent. The artificial
endosperm components of the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) were
added, supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 indolacetic acid
(IAA), 0.5 mg L-1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2 mg
L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 30 g L-1 sucrose.
The germinative behaviors of encapsulated somatic and zygotic embryos
were evaluated after 4 wk. Comparing the percentages of germination
reached by encapsulated somatic and zygotic embryos it was observed
that they had similar germinative behavior according to the type
of encapsulation applied. However, zygotic embryos substantially
exceeded the germination levels reached by somatic embryos, 100%
vs. 45% respectively.
Key words: rauli-beech,
somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed, sodium alginate.
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